(a) General. The factor of character refers to the maturity as reflected in the degree of development of pods and seeds and to the tenderness of the pods; to the degree of sloughing of the epidermis; and to the appearance of the slices and portions thereof in "Sliced Lengthwise" style. (b) Definitions. (1) "Trimmed pod" means any pod from which there has been trimmed off as far as the end of the space formerly occupied by seed, any portion of the pod from which seed has become separated. (2) "Tough strings" means strings or pieces of string at least 2 inch in length which will support a 1⁄2 pound weight for not less than 5 seconds. (3) "Fibrous material" means the properly prepared, dried cellulose material obtained from deseeded pods, including strings, broken or unbroken. (c) (A) classification. Canned beans that possess a good character may be given a score of 36 to 40 points. "Good character" means that: (1) The beans are very young and tender in that the units are full-fleshed for the variety, are tender, and are not fibrous: (2) The seeds are in the early stages of maturity; (3) Not more than 5 percent, by count, of the units may possess tough strings; (4) The beans are not materially affected in appearance by sloughing of the epidermis; and (5) The beans, in "Sliced Lengthwise" style, are well sliced. (d) (B) classification. If the canned beans possess a reasonably good character, a score of 32 to 35 points may be given. Canned beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably good character" means that: (1) The beans are young and reasonably tender in that the units may have lost their fleshy structure to some extent and are practically free from fiber; (2) The seeds may have passed the early stages of maturity and have not reached the late stages of maturity; (3) Not more than 10 percent, by count, of the units may possess tough strings; (4) The beans are not materially af fected in appearance by sloughing of the epidermis; and (5) The beans, in "Sliced Lengthwise" style, are reasonably well sliced. (e) (C) classification. If the canned beans possess a fairly good character, a score of 28 to 31 points may be given. Canned beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good character" means that: (1) The beans may be nearly mature but are fairly tender in that the units may have lost their fleshy structure to a considerable extent; (2) The beans are not seriously affected in appearance by sloughing of the epidermis; (3) The trimmed pods contain not more than 25 percent, by weight, of seed and pieces of seed;1 (4) The deseeded pods contain not more than 0.15 percent, by weight, of fibrous material; 1 and (5) Not more than 20 percent, by count, of the units may possess tough strings except that in case there are present units at least 264 inch or more in diameter, there are not more than 12 strings or pieces of string in 12 ounces, drained weight, which will support a 1⁄2 pound weight for not less than 5 seconds; 1 Canned (f) (SStd.) classification. beans that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 27 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule); and may also be "Below Standard in QualityGood Food-Not High Grade", for the following applicable reasons: Excessive seed and pieces of seed in trimmed pods; Excessive fibrous material in deseeded pods; and Excessive tough strings. LOT INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION § 52.455 Ascertaining the grade of a lot. The grade of a lot of canned green beans or canned wax beans covered by these standards is determined by the 1 Determined as outlined in the standards of quality of canned green beans (21 CFR 51.11) and canned wax beans (21 CFR 51.16) promulgated under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (b) "Thick-seeded Baby Potato," such as Baby Potato, Baby Fordhook, and Evergreen varieties; (c) "Thick-seeded," such as Fordhook variety. § 52.473 Grades of canned lima beans. (a) "U.S. Grade A" or "U.S. Fancy" is the quality of canned lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a good color; that are practically free from defects; that possess a practically clear liquor; that possess a good character; and that for those factors which are scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart the total score is not less than 90 points: Provided, That the canned lima beans may possess a reasonably good character and a fairly clear liquor if the total score is not less than 90 points. (b) “U. S. Grade B" or "U. S. Extra Standard" is the quality of canned lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a reasonably good color; that are reasonably free from defects; that possess a reasonably clear liquor; that possess a reasonably good character; and that for those factors which are scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart the total score is not less than 80 points: Provided, That the canned lima beans may possess a fairly clear liquor if the total score is not less than 80 points. (c) "U. S. Grade C" or "U. S. Standard" is the quality of canned lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a fairly good color; that are fairly free from defects; that possess a fairly clear liquor; that possess a fairly good character; and that score not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart. (d) "Substandard" is the quality of canned lima beans that fail to meet the requirements of U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard. FILL OF CONTAINER AND DRAINED WEIGHTS § 52.474 Recommended fill of con tainer. The recommended fill of container for canned lima beans is not incorporated in the grades of the finished product, since fill of container, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. It is recommended that each The minimum drained weight recommendations in Table No. I of this section are not incorporated in the grades of the finished product, since drained weight, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. The drained weight of canned lima beans is determined by emptying the contents of the container upon a United States Standard No. 8 circular sieve of proper diameter so as to distribute the product evenly, inclining the seive to facilitate drainage and allow to drain for two minutes. The drained weight is the weight of the sieve and the lima beans less the weight of the dry sieve. A sieve 8 inches in diameter is used for the No. 2 size can (307 x 409) and smaller sizes, and a sieve 12 inches in diameter is used for containers larger than the No. 2 size can. TABLE NO. I-RECOMMENDED MINIMUM DRAINED WEIGHTS (IN OUNCES) OF LIMA BEANS TABLE NO. II-SIZES OF LIMA BEANS IN CANNED LIMA BEANS Word desig nation: Size of lima beans (inches in width) Midget. 2864 inch in width and smaller. Over 2864 inch to and including Tiny--- Small. 3%4 inch in width. Over 3%4 inch to and including 3464 inch in width. Medium... Over 3464 inch to and including 3864 inch in width. Large----- Larger than 3864 inch in width. FACTORS OF QUALITY § 52.477 Ascertaining the grade. (a) The grade of canned lima beans is ascertained by considering, in conjunction with the other requirements of the respective grade, the respective ratings for the factors of color, clearness of liquor, absence of defects, and character. (b) The relative importance of each factor which is scored is expressed numerically on the scale of 100. The maximum number of points that may be given each such factor is: Factor: Color__ Clearness of liquor. Absence of defects. Character.--. Total score---. Points 35 10 25 30 100 (c) "Normal flavor and normal odor” means that the product is free from objectionable flavors and objectionable odors of any kind. § 52.478 Ascertaining the rating of the factors which are scored. The essential variations within each factor which is scored are so described that the value may be ascertained for such factors and expressed numerically. The numerical range within each factor which is scored is inclusive (for example, "8 to 10 points" means 8, 9, or 10 points). § 52.479 Color. (a) General. (1) The color for all types of canned lima beans in this subpart is based on the predominating and characteristic color of the exterior surface of the canned lima bean when compared to the U.S.D.A. permanent plastic color standards for Canned Thin-Seeded Lima Beans. (2) A set of these color standards is available for public inspection, and information in regard to procurement of sets may be obtained from the Processed Products Standardization and Inspection Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Division, Consumer and Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 20250. (i) "Green" with respect to all types of canned lima beans in this subpart means that the color of the individual lima bean possesses as much or more green color than the "U.S.D.A. Color Standard for Canned Thin-Seeded Green Lima Beans". (ii) "White" with respect to all types of canned lima beans in this subpart means that the color of the individual lima bean is lighter than the "U.S.D.A. Color Standard for Canned Thin-Seeded White Lima Beans". (b) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a good color may be given a score of 32 to 35 points. "Good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a bright typical color and meet the following additional color requirements for the respective types: (1) Thin-seeded types; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. (i) Not less than 90 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green" defined as aforesaid, and not more than 10 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 1 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white, or (ii) Not less than 97 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 3 percent, by count, may be lighter in color or white lima beans. (2) Thick-seeded type. Not less than 90 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 10 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 3 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white. (c) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably good color, a score of 29 to 31 points may be given. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Extra Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). “Reasonably good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a typical color and meet the following additional requirements for the respective types: (1) Thin-seeded type; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. Not less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 50 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 25 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white. (2) Thick-seeded type. Not less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 50 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 25 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white. Canned lima (d) (C) classification. beans that possess a fairly good color may be given a score of 26 to 28 points. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a typical color and meet the following additional requirements for the respective types: (1) Thin-seeded type; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. Less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and all of the lima beans may be white. (2) Thick-seeded type. Less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and all of the lima beans may be white. (e) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that are definitely off color or fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 25 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). [18 F.R. 7933, Dec. 9, 1953, as amended at 25 F.R. 2005, Mar. 9, 1960] (a) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a practically clear liquor may be given a score of 9 or 10 points. "Practically clear liquor" may be given a score of 9 or 10 points. "Practically clear liquor" means that the liquor may be slightly cloudy and that not more than a small amount of sediment is present. (b) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably clear liquor, a score of 7 or 8 points may be given. "Reasonably clear liquor" means that the liquor may be somewhat cloudy and may contain a considerable amount of sediment. (c) (C) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a fairly clear liquor may be given a score of 5 or 6 points. "Fairly clear liquor" means that the liquor may be dull in color but not to the extent that the appearance is seriously affected, and may be rather viscous cream-like, or starchy. (d) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a liquor that is definitely off color for any reason or that contains an excessive amount of sediment may be given a score of 0 to 4 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is limiting rule). § 52.481 Absence of defects. (a) General. The factor of absence of defects refers to the degree of freedom from extraneous vegetable matter, from loose skins, loose cotyledons, broken beans, sprouted beans, and from beans that show light discloration or that are blemished or seriously blemished. (1) "Extraneous vegetable matter" means pods or pieces of pods, leaves, stems, and other similar vegetable matter. (2) "Broken bean" means a bean from which one-half or more of a cotyledon or the equivalent thereof has become detached; or pieces of cotyledon aggregating the equivalent of an average size whole cotyledon. (3) "Loose cotyledon" means a whole cotyledon which has become separated from the skin. (4) "Loose skin" means a whole skin or portions of skin aggregating the equivalent of an average size whole skin which has become separated from the cotyledons. (5) "Light discoloration" means light discoloration of the hilum or other light discoloration which slightly affects but does not materially affect the appearance of the bean. (6) "Sprouted" means lima beans that show an external shoot protruding beyond the cotyledon or skin. (7) "Blemished" means blemished by discoloration, pathological injury, insect injury, or blemished by other means, other than by light discoloration which is not considered blemished, to such an extent that the aggregate blemished area materially affects the appearance or eating quality of a bean or any detached piece of a bean. (8) "Seriously blemished" means blemished to such an extent that the aggregate blemished area seriously affects the appearance or eating quality of a bean or any detached piece of a bean. (b) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 22 to 25 points. "Practically free from defects" means that the aforesaid defects, individually or collectively, do not more than slightly affect the appearance or eating quality of the product. The following allowances provide a guide for scoring canned lima beans which are practically free from defects: (1) For each 10 ounces drained weight of beans there may be present: (i) 1 piece, or pieces, of extraneous vegetable matter having an aggregate area of 16 square inch (1⁄2" x %") on one surface of the piece, or pieces; (ii) 3 percent, by count, of loose skins; (iii) 5 percent, by count, of broken beans and loose cotyledons; (iv) 1 percent, by count, of sprouted beans; and (v) 2 percent, by count, of blemished and seriously blemished beans, and of such 2 percent, not more than 4 thereof or 1⁄2 of 1 percent, by count, of all the beans may be seriously blemished. (c) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans are reasonably free from defects, a score of 20 or 21 points may be given. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Extra Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably free from defects" means that the aforesaid defects, individually or collectively, do not materially affect the appearance or eating quality of the product. The following allowances provide a guide for scoring canned lima beans which are reasonably free from defects: (1) For each 10 ounces drained weight of beans there may be present: (i) 1 piece, or pieces, of extraneous vegetable matter having an aggregate area of more than 16 square inch but not more than % square inch (1⁄2" x 4") on one surface of the piece, or pieces; (ii) 5 percent, by count, of loose skins; (iii) 10 percent, by count, of broken beans and loose cotyledons; (iv) 4 percent, by count, of sprouted beans; and (v) 3 percent, by count, of blemished and seriously blemished beans, and of |