Race, Racism, and American Law

achieve action adopted Amendment American appeal application authority basis Board of Education Brown citizens City Civil Rights claim color concern Congress consider constitutional County decision defendants denied desegregation determine discrimination district court effect efforts election enforce equal equal protection established evidence existing facilities fact federal Fourteenth Amendment granted held holding housing Indian integration interest involved issue Judge judicial Justice legislation limited majority means minority Negro noted officials operation opinion persons plaintiffs political population present problem prohibited protection public schools question race racial reason refused remedy residents result rule School Board School District school system segregation separate slave slavery South statute Supp supra Supreme Court tion United violation voting