Jewish Colonies or Ghettoes 33

In 1892:

אהל יעחק) OHEL ISAAC

"Tent of Isaac"). Founded by the local Hungarian Community for poor Jews. It comprises 220 Tenements, with a population of about 1,100.

אהל שלמה) OHEL SHELOMOH

"Tent of

Solomon"). Founded by a speculating local Community for the Poor. It has 50 Tenements, and about 250 occupants.

בית אברהם)

BETH ABRAHAM (8 7, "House of Abraham"). Founded by a local speculating Company. It has 38 Tenements, and about 190 inhabitants.

אנודת שלמה) AGUDATH SHELOMOH MILAND ,מילכד

Solomon Miland Band"). Built by a well-to-do Jew. It comprises 35 Tenements, and has about 175 inhabitants.

דסשק אליעזר) DAMESHEK ELIEZER

"Eliezer of

Damascus ", but also see rather Genesis xv. 2, R.V. margin). Founded by the Horodnah Community. It has 25 Tenements, and about 125 inhabitants.

שכת אחים)

SHEBETH ACHIM (D, "Dwelling-place of Brethren," allusion to Psalm cxxxiii. 1). Founded by a speculating local Jewish Company. It has 6 Tenements, and about 30 inhabitants.

In 1893:

REHOBOTH ("Broad Places"). Founded by rich Bokhara Jews. It comprises 200 superior dwellings, with about 1,000 inhabitants.

D

NAHALATH ZION ("Heritage of Zion"). Founded by the "Alliance Israélite Universelle ". It has 60 Tenements, and about 300 inhabitants.

In 1894:

KENESSETH

כנסת ישראל) ISRAEL

"" Con

gregation of Israel"). Founded by the Central Committee of the Ashkenazi Jews. It has 120 Tenements, with about 600 inhabitants.

OHEL SIMCHAH (nnpw hn8, “Tent of Joy"). Founded with money provided by Jews in Hungary. It has 16 Tenements, and about 80 inhabitants.

In 1895:

גאראת אל אנאב) JURET EL ENVA

Local

reference near the Valley of Hinnom).

Built

by a private Jew. It comprises 80 Tenements, with about 400 inhabitants.

In 1897:

נחלת יעקב)

NAHALATH YAAKOв (ap. "Heritage of Jacob"). Founded by the Warsaw Community. Comprises 50 Tenements, with about 250 inhabi

tants.

In 1902:

בתי נתן) BATTEI NATHAN

Houses of Nathan "). Built with money from Nathan of Chicago". It numbers 50 Tenements, with about 250 inhabitants.

BATTEI MOSHEH MENAHEM VODNER (727)

Vodner "). Erected by Moses Menahem Vodner, of New York. It has 20 Tenements, with about roo occupants.

In 1903:

בתי יעקב בדודה) BATTEI YAAKOB BADODAH

Houses of Jacob Badodah "). Built with donation from Jacob Badodah, of Warsaw. It comprises 50 Tenements, with about 250 inhabitants.

"

Houses בתי כולל מינעק) BATTEI KOLEL MINSK

of the Minsk Community"). Founded by the Minsk Community. It numbers 8 Tenements, with about 40 occupants.

In 1905:

,זכרון משה) ZICHRON MOSHEH

Moses"). Erected with the aid of the "Moses Montefiore Fund". There are 130 Tenements, with about 650 inhabitants.

In 1906:

ACHAVAH (N, "Brotherhood "). Built by a local Brotherhood Association. It numbers 40 Tenements, with about 200 inhabitants.

In 1907:

SHAAREI HESED (707 "WW, “Gates of Mercy"). Erected by a General Charitable Association. There are 40 Tenements, with about 200 inhabitants.

שכוכת רבי עדוק) SHEKONATH RABBI TZADOK

"Abode of Rabbi Tzadok "). Founded by the Alliance Israélite Universelle". It numbers 15 Tenements, and about 75 inhabitants.

In 1908:

ESHEL ABRAHAM ("Tamarisk Tree of Abraham", or Grove", see Genesis xxi. 33). Built by Georgian Jews. It has 110 Tenements, with a population of about 550.

,גבעת שאול)

GIBEATH SHAUL "High-place of Saul" see I Sam. xv. 34). Built by a speculating Jewish Company. It comprises 30 Tenements, with about 150 inhabitants.

of Mendel Rand"). Erected with donation of Mendel Rand for the poor Ashkenazi Jews. There are 26 Tenements, and about 130 occupants.

יגיע כפיס) YEGIA KAPAIM

Lifting-up of Hands"; i.e., "labour of hands ", see Gen. xxxi. 42). Built by the "Workmen's Association". It numbers 20 Tenements, with about 100 inhabitants.

,זיבנבירגר בתי כולל) BATTEI KOLEL ZEBENBERGER

Houses of the Zebenberger Community"). Erected by the Zebenberger Community. It has 16 Tenements, and about 80 occupants.

Jewish Colonies or Ghettoes

37

בתי דוב הורנשטיין) BATTEI Dov HORNSTEIN

"Houses of Dov Hornstein"). Erected with donations by Dov Hornstein for the poor of the Volin Community. It numbers 15 Tenements, with about 75 inhabitants.

1911 AND SINCE.

We cannot trace, and therefore cannot record, the founding of any new Colonies or Ghettoes during the past six or seven years; but that does not mean that Zionism has receded. Not by any means. It simply means that Zionism, in common with all sections of society, and all movements, has been more or less affected by the troublous times of the last few years. The Turko-Italian war of 1911-12, and the great European war, commencing 1914, both directly affected the three seaports of the Holy Land (Jaffa, Haifa, and Beyrout), thereby interfering with the tide of Zionism. But only shortvisioned people will look upon such as a waning of the movement. We admit that on the outbreak of the Great European war a few thousands of Jews hurried away to British protected Egypt, and a few to America. But the latter were very little above the yearly average, and the former will, no doubt, quite as quickly hurry back to the Land as soon as the war is over. Hundreds of Italians left Palestine when war broke out between Turkey and Italy in 1911, but thousands went back when peace was proclaimed. And history will repeat itself, for there is no doubt that where thousands left in 1914, tens of thousands will hurriedly return as the result of peace; especially when it is fully