Ants, Bees, and Wasps

MYR

LES
Lespès, M., on eggs laid by work-

ers, 35; on grain stored by ants,
61 ; on the feeding of Lome-
chusa by ants, 76; on the

domestic animals of ants, 90
Leuckart, his experiments on ant-

intelligence, 238
Life, duration of, among ants, 8
Light, dislike of ants to, 2, 186 ;

as aid to sense of direction
among ants, 268; bees attracted

by, 284
Ligurian queen bee, introduction

of a, 287
Limits of vision with ants, experi-

ments as to, 199–206; in Daph-

nia, 219
Lincecum, Dr., as to Texan har.

vesting ants, 62
Linnæus quoted as to aphides, 67
Locust, ants apparently deceived

by a leaf-like, 66
Lomechusa fed by ants, 76
Long, Col., as to the sense of

hearing among certain ants, 226
Longevity of workers of Lasius

niger, 38, 42; of queen ants, 9, 40
Lowne, Mr., quoted as to the func-

tions of ocelli, 183
Lund, M., quoted as to the intel-

ligence of ants, 236
Lycæna pseudargiolus, ants seen

licking the larva of, 68

wingless, 86; of Tomognathus

wingless, 87 note
Mandibles of ants, 11 ; pointed in

Polyergus. 18; but toothless,

82; sabre-like in S. Huberi, 84
Marking ants, bees, and wasps,

methods of, 5
Meer Hassan Ali, as to harvesting

ants, 60
Mental powers of ants differ from

those of men in degree rather

than in kind, 181
Metamorphoses undergone by in-

sects, 8
Metamorphoses of Insects,'

quoted, 30
Mexico, honey-pot ants in, 19, 47
Michael, Mr., description of Uro-

poda by, 429
Microphone, experiment with, 225
Mimicry, protective, instances of,

66
Mischna, rules in, respecting ant-

hoards of grain, 59
Mites, ants infested by, 26, 98;

new species in nests of Lasius
flavus, 429
Mocquerys, M., on the tenacity of

the bite of the ant, 96
Moggridge, Mr., on harvesting

ants, 61
Morality among ants, question as

to, 93; among bees, 285
Mosaic theory of the vision of com.

pound eyes, 184
Moseley, Mr. H. N., quoted as to

the connection between ants

and certain epiphytes, 58
Mouth of ant described, 11
Müller, his observations on Cla-

viger, 76 ; on the mosaic theory
of vision, 184; on the colour
sense in bees, 307; on blue

flowers, 310
Mushrooms grown by ants, 57
Myrmecina Latreillii, the eye in,

11; their mode of defence, 16;
said to be phlegmatic in disposi-
tion, 27

MO
CCOOK, Mr., quoted as to

the adoption of a queen by
Crematogaster, 34 ; as to honey-
ants, 48 ; as to the grain-fields
of the Texan harvesting ant, 62 ;
as to ants licking the larva of a
butterfly, 68; on recognition by
smell among ants, 127
Märkel quoted as to insects kept

by F. rufa, 74
Maimonides as to the ownership of

ant-stores of grain, 59
Males only produced by eggs laid

by workers among bees, wasps,
and ants, 36, 37; of Anergates

PARASTIES of ants, 26, 67, 74,

MYR

POG
Myrmecocystus mexicanus, honey. Ecophylla, sting in, 13

holding individuals among, 19; Organ of sense in antenna of ant,
foragers bring supplies of honey 226; in tibia of Gryllus, 231 ;
to them, 47

in tibia of ant, 232
Myrmecodia armata, its associa- Ormerod, Mr., as to the sense of
tion with ants, 58

hearing among wasps, 221
Myrmecophilous insects, 68-78 Ova of aphis described, 71 note
Myrmica ruginodis, period of lar-

val life in, 7; length of life of
males of, 9; origin of a nest of,
32 ; observations on a wounded 431, 433;
specimen of, 96; experiments as Pass-word, experiments as to,
to recognition among, 121 ; as among ants, 108 ; supposed use
to communication among, 164, of, among bees and ants, 126;
348; illustration of terminal experiments as to, with pupæ,
portion of antenna of, 227 ; 129; existence of, apparently
sense-organ in tibia of, 233; disproved, 147
their unwillingness to face a fall, Pets, domestic animals kept as, by
245

savages, 77
scabrinodis, cowardly nature Phases of life among men and
of, 27; Platyarthrus a guest of, ants, analogy between, 91
75

Pheidole megaoephala, pugnacity
Myrmicide, one of the three fa- of small workers of, 20; experi-

milies of ants, 1; correlation of ment as to power of communi.
form of knot with power of cation among, 180; sense-organ
stinging in the, 13

in tibia of, 233
- pallidula, the eye in, 11; com-

munication among, 158
Nests for ants, artificial, de- providens, its storage of grass
scribed, 3, 164 ; of ants classified seeds, 60
and described, 23, &c.; three Phora formicarum, its attacks
modes of formation of, sug. on ants, 26, 74; described, 432
gested, 30; of Lasius niger de- Phoridæ parasitic on ants, 67, 74;
scribed and illustrated, 42

new genus and species of, 431
Neuters among ants, production Pigs kept as pets by savages, 77
of different forms of, 22

Plagiolepis pygmæa, the eye in, 11
Normann, M. de, honey ants Plants, relation of ants to, 50;
brought from Mexico by, 47 their different modes of defence

against unprofitable insects, 51;

benefited by the action of in-
O

sectivorous ants, 59
ants, 10; absent in the work. Plato, epigram by, quoted, 185
ers of some species, 11; origin Platyarthrus Hoffmanseggii, a guest
of, 182

of the ants, 75; experiments
@codoma cephalotes, the Saüba with, 90

ant, five kinds of individuals Platyphora Lubbockii,67; described
among, 21; extent of nest of,

434
24; leaf-cutting among, 237 ; Pogonomyrmex barbatus, stores the
intelligence of, 239

.ant-rice,' 61

NECTARIES, uses of, 56

&c.; after long separation, 123,
233, 333; means of, 125 ; among
bees, 126; experiments as to,
with pupæ,129–147 ; as to sister
ants brought up separately, 147;
proved to be communal, not per-

sonal, 152
Relations, behaviour of ants to, 93
Retrogression of organs: of sting,

14; of wings, 15; of eyes, 75
Roads made by ants, 25
Robbery among bees, 285
Rufescent ants on a slave-making

expedition, 81

Poison ejected by Formica rufa, 15
Polistes, robbery among, 286; P.
gallica, a specimen of, kept for

nine months, 315
Polyergus rufescens, the eye in, 11;

its mode of combat, 18; indi.
vidual courage of, 27; males
produced from eggs laid by
workers among, 39, 45 ; greatly
dependent on its slaves, 80, 83;
slave-making expedition of, de-
scribed, 81 ; degrading effect of
slave-holding on, 89; imprisoned
friends and strangers equally
neglected, 105; power of com-

munication among, 158, 180
Polygonum amphibium, glandular

hairs absent from specimens

growing in water, 56
Ponera contracta, the eye in, 11
Poneride, one of the three families

of ants, 1; form of knot in, 13;

stridulating apparatus in, 230
Primulaceæ, evolution of colour

in, 309
Protective mimicry, 66
Pupæ of ants, 7; experimented on

to power of recognition
among ants, 129
Python said to have been de-

stroyed by the Driver ants, 64

ST.

TT. FARGEAU, Lepeletier de,

UEEN ants, longevity of, 9,

in a nest, 19; reluctance of ants
to adopt a new, 32; never pro-
duced from workers' eggs, 36;
seldom produced in captivity,

40; treatment of a dead, 108
Queen bees, limited nature of de.

votion of subjects to, 287

RANUNCULACEA, correla-

on the origin of ants' nests,
31; on the benevolence of ants,
94; as to hearing among insects,

221
Saüba ant, see Ecodoma cephalotes
Sauvages, Abbé Boisier de, on the

connection between ants and

aphides, 68
Savage, Rev. T. S., On the Habits

of Driver Ants,' quoted, 20, 63,

64
Scavengers, some ant-guests may

serve as, 75
Scent, power among ants of track-

ing by, 124, 171 ; experiments
with different kinds of, 233;

importance of, to ants, 258
Schenk, Anergates discovered by,

86
Secretion of aphis retained till re-

quired by ants, 69; of Claviger
and Dinarda as food for ants,

75, 76
Seeds of violet collected by ants,

26; stored by ants, 60; and

prevented from sprouting, 61
Senses of ants, 182; organs of,

226, 232
Sentinels among bees, 288
Sex of eggs determined by treat.

ment, 40, 41
Siebold, von, on sense-organs in

tion of colour with speciali.
sation of form in, 308
Recognition of friends by ants,

experiments on, 108, &c., 119,

TYN

bees, and wasps, 14; atrophied
condition of, in Formica, 15; the

loss of, fatal to bees, 283
Stores, made by ants, 59
Strangers, behaviour of ants to.

wards, 104, 109, 119, 333
Stridulating apparatus in Mutilla,

229; in ants, 230
Strongylognathus Huberi, its mode

of slave-making, 84
- testaceus, the eye in, 11; slave.
holders in spite of their feeble.

ness, 84; their degradation, 87,89
Sulphate of quinine, experiment

with, as to ant vision, 216
Surgical use of ant heads in Bra.

zil, 96
Sykes, Mr., quoted as to seed.
collecting ants, 60

TAM

JAME wasp, behaviour of a, 315

SIG
Gryllus, 231 ; on robbery among

Polistes, 286
Sight, how far ants are guided by,

251, 258, 266, 270
Signals given by ants, 158
Slave-holding, structural changes

induced by, 82; degradation

caused by, 89
Slave-making ants, 18 ; expedition

;
of, 81
Slavery among ants, origin of, 79;

degrading tendency of, 82–89
Smell of Myrmecina possibly pro-

tective, 17 ; on recognition
among ants by, 127 ; sense of,
among ants, 233; the probable
means of recognition among
bees, 281 ; sense of, keen among

bees, 288
Snake killed by Driver ants, 64
Soldiers among ants, 20; those of

Saüba do not fight, 22; their
origin, 22
Solenopsis fugax, the eye in, 11;

the enemy of its hosts, 78
Solomon on the foresight of the

ant, 59, 60
Sound, apparent insensibility of

ants to, 222; possible existence
of, beyond human auditory
range, 223, 233; how produced
by Mutilla, 229; apparent in.

sensibility of bees to, 290
Specialisation of form in flowers

correlated with colour, 308
Spectrum, experiments as to per-

ception of, by ants, 198
Spiders, their intelligence in es-
caping the Ecitons, 66; mimick-

ing ants, 66
Spiracles of ant, position of, 12, 14
Stenamma Woodwardii, the eye in,

11; found exclusively in nests

of Formica, 78
Stethoscope-like organs in antenna

of ant, 228
Sting in ants, possible correlation

of, with form of knot, 13; pro.
bable common origin of, in ants,

Tapinoma, length of period of
larval life in, 7
- erraticum, the eye in, 11 ; their
agility, 24; Hetærius in nests

of, 77
Teazle, possible uses of leaf-cup

in, 52
Tetramorium cæspitum, the eye in,

11 ; feigns death as a defence,
17; alleged greediness of, 27;
enslaved by Strongylognathus,
84; entire dependence of Aner.

gates upon, 85
Texas, harvesting ants in, 61
Thiasophila angulata in ants' nests,

77
Thorax of ant described, 12
Tibia of Gryllus, sense organ in,

231 ; of Lasins, 232; of Locus-

tide, 233
Tomognathus sublævis, only

workers of, known, 87 note
Tracks of ants illustrated, 251-257
Tuning-forks, experiments with,

222
Tunnels formed by ants, 25
Tyndall, Professor, experiment
frequenting nests of various
ants, 77
Verrall, G. H., Esq., description of

TYP
with sensitive flames, 225; as to

sense organs in antennæ, 228
Typhlopone, absence of eyes in, 11

WOR
ocelli, 183; of compound eyes,
184 ; limits of, 199, 206, 219

ULTER

TLTRA-RED rays, ants not sen-
Ultra-violet rays, sensitiveness of

ants to, 201-220
Uropoda formicaria described, 429

VA
ARIETIES produced in beetles

a new genus of Phorida, 26, 431
Vespa germanica, experiment
with, as to communication, 415

vulgaris, experiment as to
colour with, 316
Vibrations producing sensations

of sound and colour, 225
Violet light, avoidance of, by ants,

189
Violets, colours of, 309; seeds of,

carried into nests by Lasius, 26,

59
Viscidity of plants, a defence

inst insects, 55, 56
Vision among ants, 182; of the

TALKER, Mr., honey ant sent

from Australia by, 48
Wasps, occasional fertility of

workers among, 36; sense of
hearing among, 221 ; experi-
ments with, 311, 415; more
clever than bees in finding their
way, 313; their courage, 314;
account of a tame one, 315;
their colour sense, 316; their

industry, 421
Water, ants' visits prevented by,

52
Wesmael, M., describes Myrmeco-

cystus, 47
Westwood, Mr., on the production

of neuters, 22; on the sound

produced of Mutilla, 229
Wings of ants, atrophy of, among

the workers, 12; pulled off after

flight by the queen ants, 12, 19
Winter, aphis eggs tended by ants

through the, 70
Workers among ants always wing-

less, 12; varieties of form
among, 19–22; occasional fer-
tility of, 35 ; longevity of, 87, 88

LONDON: PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE

AND PARLIAMENT STREET

« Înapoi Continuați »

Cărți

Ants, Bees, and Wasps: A Record of Observations on the Habits of the Social ...