TITLE V-THE BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL
BROADCASTING 40

TITLE VI-ASIA FOUNDATION 41

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TITLE VII-INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

PART A-UNITED NATIONS

SEC. 701. PROBABLE EXEMPTIONS TO THE UNITED NATIONS EMPLOYEE HIRING FREEZE.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress makes the following findings:

(1) In April 1986, the Secretary-General of the United Nations adopted a freeze on the hiring of personnel within the United Nations Secretariat.

(2) The conditions of the freeze were such that, as the terms of office for the personnel expired, replacements would not be recruited or hired to fill the vacant positions, with minor exceptions.

(3) The freeze was designed to reduce United Nations personnel by 15 percent over three years, as recommended by the Group of High-Level Intergovernmental Experts to Review the Efficiency of the Administrative and Financial Functioning of the United Nations (commonly referred to as the "Group of 18 Experts").

(4) On May 5, 1987, the Secretary-General reported to the Department of State that he was considering granting 156 exceptions to the hiring freeze.

(5) Of these 156 probable exceptions, 104 would be Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals currently employed in the United Nations Secretariat-of 298 Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals currently employed in the United Nations Secretariat-who would be replaced over the next 18 months.

(6) According to a report from the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on "Soviet Presence in the United Nations Secretariat" (Senate Print 99-52, May 1985), approximately one-fourth of the Soviets in the United Nations Secretariat are intelligence officers, many more are co-opted by the Soviet intelligence agencies, and all Soviets in the United Nations Secretariat must respond to KGB requests for assistance. (7) Other United States intelligence authorities estimate that as many as one-half of the Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals in the United Nations Secretariat are officers of the KGB or the GRU

(8) If the Secretary-General's probable exemptions are adopted, the Soviet Union will be allowed to replace retiring Soviet and Soviet-bloc personnel with new, highly skilled and welltrained intelligence officers of the KGB or the GRU.

40 Most of Title V contains amendments to the Board for International Broadcasting Act of 1973. For text of free-standing provisions, see page 747.

41 Title VI amends sec. 404 of the Asia Foundation Act. See page 577 for text.

(9) The Secretary-General's proposed exceptions would thus provide the Soviet Union with the capability to rebuild its intelligence apparatus within the United States, which was devastated in recent years when the United States ordered severe reductions in the size of the Soviet mission to the United Nations, the Soviet Embassy in Washington, District of Columbia, and the Soviet Consulate in San Francisco, California.

(10) Article 100 of the United Nations Charter calls for the establishment of an international civil service whose members are neutral and loyal only to the United Nations.

(11) Section 3 of Article 101 of the United Nations Charter calls for the appointment of individuals who are professionally qualified for the positions they are to fill and maintains that due regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible.

(12) As of September 1985, 442 of 446 Soviet nationals employed throughout the United Nations system are "seconded", that is, serve on short, fixed-term contracts.

(13) Through the abuse of short, fixed-term contracts, the Soviet Union has maintained undue influence and control over major offices of the United Nations Secretariat, thereby effectively using the United Nations Secretariat in the conduct of its foreign relations, in clear violation of Articles 100 and 101 of the United Nations Charter.

(14) The Secretary-General's proposed exceptions to the hiring freeze (as described in paragraphs (1) through (5)) would continue the gross violations of Articles 100 and 101 of the United Nations Charter described in paragraph (13).

(15) The Secretary-General's proposed exceptions to such hiring freeze would be clearly inconsistent with the terms of the United Nation's self-imposed reform program.

(16) The United Nations has not yet achieved its reform goals and there is no indication that the United Nations can afford to make such large exceptions to such hiring freeze. (b) REPORT TO CONGRESS. (1) The Secretary of State shall report to the Congress not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act and annually thereafter as to the status of secondment within the United Nations by the Soviet Union and Soviet-bloc member-nations.

(2) Such report shall contain as a minimum, a thorough analysis of the following issues:

(A) The number of Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals who are currently seconded to the United Nations system on short, fixed-term contracts in New York, Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi, and the percentage such number is to the total number of Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals so seconded.

(B) The number of Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals who are currently employed in the United States system on long-term

contracts.

(C) The measures undertaken by the United States to persuade the United Nations Secretariat to enforce the provisions of the United Nations Charter which specifically govern the behavior and activities of United Nations employees, especially Articles 100 and 101.

(D) The measures undertaken by the United States either through bilateral or multilateral channels with the Soviet Union and other members of the Soviet- bloc to end their abuse of secondment.

(E) The measures undertaken by the United States to challenge Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals' credentials and to deny them entry visas, in order to keep Soviet and Soviet-bloc intelligence operatives out of the United States and United Nations.

(F) The counterintelligence efforts undertaken by the United States to protect United States national security from hostile intelligence activities directed against the United States by Soviet and Soviet-bloc intelligence operatives employed by the United Nations.

(c) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that

(1) the President should take all such actions necessary to ensure compliance with the hiring freeze rule, including withholding all assessed United States contributions to the United Nations, and denying United States entry visas to Soviet and Soviet-bloc applicants coming to the United States to replace Soviet and Soviet-bloc nationals currently serving in the United Nations Secretariat;

(2) the President, through the Department of State and the United States mission to the United Nations, should express to the Secretary-General of the United Nations the insistence of the American people that the hiring freeze continue indefinitely, or until the United Nations has complied with the Group of 18 recommendations and can thus afford to make exceptions to the freeze;

(3) the Secretary-General should revoke all exceptions to the hiring freeze rule, excepting those member-nations which have 15 or fewer nationals serving in the United Nations Secretariat, or those positions not subject to geographical representation, such as those of the general service category;

(4) the long-term, flagrant violations of Articles 100 and 101 of the United Nations Charter and the abuse of secondment by the Soviet Union and Soviet-bloc member-nations are reprehensible;

(5) the United Nations should adopt the recommendations of the Group of 18 (as referred to in subsection (a)(3)) that no member-nation be allowed to have more than 50 percent of its nationals employed under fixed-term contracts;

(6) the Soviet Union is hereby condemned for

(A) its refusal to adhere to the principles of the United Nations Charter calling for an international civil service, (B) its abuse of secondment, and

(C) its absolute disregard of the solemn purpose of the United Nations to be an international civil service; and (7) if the Soviet Union and the Soviet-bloc intend to remain member-nations of the United Nations, they should adhere to Articles 100, 101, and all other principles of the United Nations Charter to which every other member-nation must adhere.

(d) DEFINITION.-For the purposes of this section, the term "Soviet-bloc" means the countries of Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Nicaragua, North Korea, Poland, and Romania.

SEC. 702. REFORM IN THE BUDGET DECISION-MAKING PROCEDURES OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND ITS SPECIALIZED AGENCIES.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that the consensus based decision-making procedure established by General Assembly Resolution 41/213 is a significant step toward complying with the intent of section 143 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (22 U.S.C. 287e note; 99 Stat. 405), as in effect before the date of enactment of this Act. 42

(b) 43

(c)

(d) TERMINATION DATE.-This section shall terminate on September 30, 1989.

SEC. 703. HOUSING ALLOWANCES OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANTS. (a) UNITED STATES POLICY.-It is the policy of the United States to seek the implementation by the United Nations of the recommendation by the International Civil Service Commission to deduct from the pay (commonly referred to as a "rental deduction") of an international civil servant the amount of any housing allowance or payment which is provided by any member state to that international civil servant, in accordance with Article 100 of the Charter of the United Nations and regulations thereunder.

(b) UNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS.-The United States Ambassador to the United Nations shall seek to promote the adoption of the recommendation described in subsection (a).

SEC. 704. 44

SEC. 705.45

SEC. 706. PUBLIC ACCESS TO UNITED NATIONS WAR CRIMES COMMISSION FILES.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that—

(1) with the passing of time, it is important to document fully Nazi war crimes and crimes against humanity, lest the enormity of those crimes be forgotten; and

(2) the files of the United Nations War Crimes Commission deposited in the archives of the United Nations contain infor

42 The text of sec. 143 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 as it read prior to enactment of this Act may be found at footnote 25 on page 92.

43 Subsec. (b) substantially amended sec. 143 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93; 99 Stat. 405). It establishes the terms and conditions under which the United States assessed contributions to the United Nations for each calendar year may be paid. For text, see page 92.

**Sec. 704 amends sec. 115(b) of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (Public Law 98-164; 97 Stat. 1017). It suspends United States participation in any organ of the United Nations, with the exception of the United Nations Security Council or the Safeguards Program of the International Atomic Energy Agency, that illegally expels, suspends or denies credentials to Israel.

45 Sec. 705 amends sec. 114(a) of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (Public Law 98-164; 97 Stat. 1017). It limits the United States assessed contribution to the United Nations to the amount assessed less 25 percent of the amount budgeted for the Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories.

mation valuable to our knowledge of the genocidal actions of the Nazis.

(b) POLICY.-It is the sense of the Congress that United States policy should be to support access by interested individuals and organizations to the files of the United Nations War Crimes Commission deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

SEC. 708. PROTECTION OF TYRE BY THE UNITED NATIONS INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANON.

(a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that

(1) the archaeological site of the ancient city of Tyre is an important part of the heritage of the people of Lebanon and of people everywhere;

(2) war and civil strife threaten the survival of the archaeological site at Tyre;

(3) the purchase of artifacts from Tyre, including purchases allegedly made by troops of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), is encouraging illegal excavation and looting of the Tyre site; and

(4) the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) could best protect the archaeological site of Tyre so as to preserve this treasure for future generations.

(b) EXTENSION OF MANDATE OF UNIFIL.-The Secretary of State should request the Secretary General of the United Nations and the Security Council to extend the mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) to include protection of the archaeological site of the ancient city of Tyre. The Secretary of State is directed to seek an order prohibiting the purchase of any artifact from Tyre by any person associated with the United Nations.

(c) REPORTING REQUIREMENT.-Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, and every 12 months thereafter, for as long as the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon remains in Lebanon, the Secretary of State shall report in writing to the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives on the progress made in implementing this section. PART B-UNITED STATES COMMISSION ON IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE UNITED NATIONS

SEC. 721. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION.

The United States Commission on Improving the Effectiveness of the United Nations (hereafter in this part referred to as the "Commission") is hereby established.

SEC. 722. PURPOSES OF THE COMMISSION.

(a) PURPOSES.-The purposes of the Commission shall be to

(1) examine the United Nations system as a whole and identify and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses; and

(2) prepare and submit to the President and to the Congress recommendations on ways to improve the effectiveness of the United Nations system and the role of the United States in the United Nations system, including the feasibility of and means for implementing such recommendations.