dates, but when he had reached the mouth of the Phasis he shrank from this difficult and dangerous expedition, and after a fresh victory over the Albanians returned to Pontus. In truth, further pursuit of the vanquished sultan was needless. Mithradates did indeed reach Panticapæum and deprive his renegade son Machares, who had submitted to Rome, of his kingdom and his life; but his larger schemes miscarried. His plan for invading Italy by way of Pannonia, at the head of wild tribes of Scythians and Gauls, alienated the affections of the army which he had raised. The suspicions and cruelties of the old king led to desertion and insurrection. His favourite son Pharnaces put himself at the head of the insurgents, and was joined by the army. Shut up in his palace, Mithradates in vain begged for the mercy he had never himself shown. At last, in the true spirit of Eastern despotism, he resolved to perish with all his house. His wives and daughters died of the poisoned cup, but the king himself found poison unavailing, and owed his death to the sword of a Gallic attendant. His body was sent by Pharnaces to Pompey in Palestine, and was by his orders laid in the tombs of the kings at Sinope. The great leader of the East against the West, the man who had proved no unworthy opponent of Sulla, of Lucullus, and of Pompey, was dead, and his death was a greater gain to Rome than many victories.

LATIN HONOURS.

A. PRELIMINARY AND FINAL.

I. HORACE, Epistles, Book II.

1. (a) Translate:

Ennius, et sapiens et fortis et alter Homerus,
Vt critici dicunt, leviter curare videtur

Quo promissa cadant et somnia Pythagorea.
Naevius in manibus non est et mentibus haeret
Paene recens? Adeo sanctum est vetus omne poema.
Ambigitur quotiens, uter utro sit prior, aufert
Pacuvius docti famiam senis, Accius alti,
Dicitur Afrani toga convenisse Menandro,
Plautus ad exemplar Siculi properare Epicharmi,
Vincere Caecilius gravitate, Terentius arte.

Hos ediscit et hos arto stipata theatro

Spectat Roma potens, habet hos numeratque poetas
Ad nostrum tempus Livi scriptoris ab aevo.

(b) Write short notes on the words in italics. What else is said about Plautus in this Epistle?

2. (a) Discuss the reading of the following passage: Frater erat Romae consulti rhetor, ut alter Alterius sermone meros audiret honores. (b) Discedo Alcaeus puncto illius; ille meo quis? Quis nisi Callimachus? Si plus adposcere visus, Fit Mimnermus et optivo cognomine crescit.

To what contemporary poet is Horace believed to allude in these lines?

3. Translate:

Grais ingenium, Grais dedit ore rotundo
Musa loqui, praeter laudem nullius avaris.
Romani pueri longis rationibus assem
Discunt in partes centum diducere. 'Dicat
Filius Albini: si de quincunce remota est
Vncia, quid superat?-Poteras dixisse.'

'Triens.' 'Eu!

Rem poteris servare tuam. Redit uncia, quid fit?'
Semis.' An, haec animos aerugo et cura peculi
Cum semel imbuerit, speramus carmina fingi
Posse linenda cedro et levi servanda cupresso?

II. LUCAN, Book IX. 1. Translate:

Hanc, ut fama, deus, quem toto litore pontus
Audit ventosa perflantem marmora concha,
Hanc et Pallas amat, patrio quae vertice nata
Terrarum primam Libyen (nam proxima caelo est,
Vt probat ipse calor) tetigit, stagnique quieta
Voltus vidit aqua, posuitque in margine plantas,
Et se dilecta Tritonida dixit ab unda.

Quam iuxta Lethon tacitus praelabitur amnis,
Infernis, ut fama, trahens oblivia venis,
Atque insopiti quondam tutela draconis,
Hesperidum pauper spoliatis frondibus hortus.
Invidus, annoso qui famam derogat aevo,
Qui vates ad vera vocat. Fuit aurea silva,
Divitiisque graves et fulvo germine rami,
Virgineusque chorus nitidi custodia luci,
Et numquam somno damnatus lumina serpens,
Robora complexus rutilo curvata metallo.
Abstulit arboribus pretium nemorique laborem
Alcides, passusque inopes sine pondere ramos
Rettulit Argolico fulgentia poma tyranno.

2. Write short notes on the mythological allusions in the above passage.

3. Translate and explain:

Estne dei sedes, nisi terra et pontus et aether.

Et caelum et virtus? Superos quid quaerimus ultra?
Iuppiter est, quodcumque vides, quodcumque moveris.

4. Indicate very briefly the value of the codex Epternacensis (Z) for the determination of the text of Lucan.

III. TACITUS, Annals, Book I.

1. (a) Translate:

Nihil deorum honoribus relictum, cum se templis et effigie numinum per flamines et sacerdotes coli vellet.

(b) How far is this true of Augustus?

2. (a) Translate:

Noctem minacem et in scelus erupturam fors lenivit; nam luna claro repente caelo visa languescere. Id miles rationis ignarus

simulans, prospereque cessura quae pergerent, si fulgor et claritudo deae redderetur. Igitur aeris sono, tubarum cornuumque concentu strepere; prout splendidior obscuriorve, laetari aut maerere; et postquam ortae nubes offecere visui creditumque conditam tenebris, ut sunt mobiles ad superstitionem perculsae semel mentes, sibi aeternum laborem portendi, sua facinora aversari deos lamentantur.

(b) On what occasion did this incident occur? 3. (a) Translate:

Sed femina ingens animi munia` ducis per eos dies induit, militibusque, ut quis inops aut saucius, vestem et fomenta dilargita est. Tradit C. Plinius, Germanicorum bellorum scriptor, stetisse apud principium pontis, laudes et grates reversis legionibus habentem.

(b) To whom does femina refer? Tell very briefly what you know of C. Plinius.

IV. PLINY, Letters, Book VI.

1. (a) Translate:

At ille mandaverat caveratque ut divinum illud et immortale factum versibus inscriberetur:

'Hic situs est Rufus, pulso qui Vindice quondam

imperium adseruit non sibi, sed patriae?'

(b) To whom does ille refer? To what event do the verses allude?

2. Translate:

Nubes, incertum procul intuentibus ex quo monte (Vesuvium fuisse postea cognitum est), oriebatur, cuius similitudinem et formam non alia magis arbor quam pinus expresserit. Nam longissimo velut trunco elata in altum quibusdam ramis diffundebatur, credo, quia recenti spiritu evecta, dein senescente eo destituta aut etiam pondere suo victa in latitudinem vanescebat.

3. Accusavi Marium Priscum (Ep. 28, 9). Of what was Marius Priscus accused? Who prosecuted him along with Pliny? What was the result of the trial?

B. PRELIMINARY.

HORACE, Odes, Book III.

1. (a) Translate:

Fertur pudicae coniugis osculum
Parvosque natos, ut capitis minor,
Ab se removisse et virilem

Torvus humi posuisse voltum,

Donec labantes consilio patres
Firmaret auctor numquam alias dato
Interque maerentes amicos

Egregius properaret exsul.

(b) To whom do these words allude? (c) In what metre is this ode written? first stanza.

2. Exegi monumentum aere perennius.

Scan the

Cite any parallels to this sentiment that you have met in other Latin poets.

C. FINAL. HORACE, Epistles, Book I.

1. (a) Translate:

Quodsi me noles usquam discedere, reddes
Forte latus, nigros angusta fronte capillos,
Reddes dulce loqui, reddes ridere decorum et
Inter vina fugam Cinarae maerere protervae.
Forte per angustam tenuis volpecula rimam
Repserat in cumeram frumenti, pastaque rursus
Ire foras pleno tendebat corpore frustra.

Cui mustela procul 'si vis,' ait, 'effugere istinc,
Macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti.'

(b) Write notes on the syntax of ridere decorum, and on the reading volpecula.

(c) To whom is this Epistle addressed?

2. (a) Translate:

Omnis Aristippum decuit color et status et res,
Temptantem maiora, fere praesentibus aequum.
(b) What do you know of Aristippus ?

3. How does Horace describe himself in Epist. XX? Quote his words, if possible.