I

6. Alaska National Interests Land Conservation Act artial text of Public Law 96-487 (H.R. 39], 94 Stat. 2371, approved December 2, 1980; amended by Public Law 101-380 [Oil Pollution Act of 1990, H.R. 1465), 104 Stat. 484, approved August 18, 1990

N ACT To provide for the designation and conservation of certain public lands in the State of Alaska, including the designation of units of the National Park, National Wildlife Refuge, National Forest, National Wild and Scenic Rivers, and National Wilderness Preservation Systems, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Inited States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1.1 This Act may be cited as the "Alaska National Interst Lands Conservation Act."

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TITLE X-FEDERAL NORTH SLOPE LANDS STUDIES, OIL AND GAS LEASING PROGRAM AND MINERAL ASSESSMENTS

WILDLIFE RESOURCES PORTION OF STUDY AND IMPACT OF POTENTIAL OIL SPILLS IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN 2

SEC. 1005. (a) The Secretary 3 shall work closely with the State of Alaska and Native Village and Regional Corporations in evaluatng the impact of oil and gas exploration, development, production, and transportation, and other human activities on the wildlife resources of these lands, including impacts on the Arctic and Porcupine caribou herds, polar bear, muskox, grizzly bear, wolf, wolverne, seabirds, shore birds, and migratory waterfowl. In addition, the Secretary shall consult with the appropriate agencies of the Government of Canada in evaluating such impacts particularly with respect to the Porcupine caribou herd.

(b) 2 (1) The Congress finds that

(A) Canada had discovered commercial quantities of oil and gas in the Amalagak regions of the Northwest territory;

(B) Canada is exploring alternatives for transporting the oil from the Amalagak field to markets in Asia and the Far East; (C) one of the options the Canadian Government is exploring involves transshipment of oil from the Amalagak field across the Beaufort Sea to tankers which would transport the oil

overseas;

(D) the tankers would traverse the American Exclusive Economic Zone through the Beaufort Sea into the Chuckchi Sea and then through the Bering Straits;

116 U.S.C. 3101 note.

216 U.S.C. 3145. Sec. 8302 of Public Law 101-380 (104 Stat. 572) restated the catchline, inserted subsec. designation "(a)", and added subsecs. (b) through (d).

3

Secretary of the Interior.

(E) the Beaufort and Chuckchi Seas are vital to Alaska's N tive people, providing them with subsistence in the form: walrus, seals, fish, and whales;

(F) the Secretary of the Interior has conducted Outer C tinental Shelf lease sales in the Beaufort and Chuckchi Se and oil and gas exploration is ongoing;

(G) an oil spill in the Arctic Ocean, if not properly container } and cleaned up, could have significant impacts on the inde ! nous people of Alaska's North Slope and on the Arctic envir! ment; and

(H) there are no international contingency plans involvi our two governments concerning containment and cleanup : an oil spill in the Arctic Ocean.

(2)(A) The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Go ernor of Alaska, shall conduct a study of the issues of recovery: damages, contingency plans, and coordinated actions in the even of an oil spill in the Arctic Ocean.

(B) The Secretary shall, no later than January 31, 1991, transT: a report to the Congress on the findings and conclusions reached as the result of the study carried out under this subsection.

(c) The Congress calls upon the Secretary of State, in consulta tion with the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Transpor tation, and the Governor of Alaska, to begin negotiations with the Foreign Minister of Canada regarding a treaty dealing with the complex issues of recovery of damages, contingency plans, and ordinated actions in the event of an oil spill in the Arctic Ocean (d) The Secretary of State shall report to the Congress on the Secretary's efforts pursuant to this section no later than June i

1991.

7. Negotiations With Canada Concerning the Alaska

Pipeline

Partial text of Public Law 93–153 [S. 1081], 87 Stat. 576 at 588, approved November 16, 1973

AN ACT To amend section 28 of the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, and to authorize a trans-Alaska oil pipeline, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

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TITLE III-NEGOTIATIONS WITH CANADA

Sec. 301.1 The President of the United States is authorized and requested to enter into negotiations with the Government of Canada to determine

(a) the willingness of the Government of Canada to permit the construction of pipelines or other transportation systems across Canadian territory for the transport of natural gas and oil from Alaska's North Slope to markets in the United States, including the use of tankers by way of the Northwest Passage; (b) the need for intergovernmental understandings, agreements, or treaties to protect the interests of the Governments of Canada and the United States and any party or parties involved with the construction, operation, and maintenance of pipelines or other transportation systems for the transport of such natural gas or oil;

(c) the terms and conditions under which pipelines or other transportation systems could be constructed across Canadian territory;

(d) the desirability of undertaking joint studies and investigations designed to insure protection of the environment, reduce legal and regulatory uncertainty, and insure that the respective energy requirements of the people of Canada and of the United States are adequately met;

(e) the quantity of such oil and natural gas from the North Slope of Alaska for which the Government of Canada would guarantee transit; and

(f) the feasibility, consistent with the needs of other sections of the United States, of acquiring additional energy from other sources that would make unnecessary the shipment of oil from the Alaska pipeline by tanker into the Puget Sound area. The President shall report to the House and Senate Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs the actions taken, the progress achieved, the areas of disagreement, and the matters about which

143 U.S.C. 1651 note.

8. Environment and Natural Resources

a. Environment and Natural Resources in Foreign
Assistance

(1) The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended1

Partial text of Public Law 87–195 (S. 1983], 75 Stat. 424, approved
September 4, 1961, as amended

AN ACT To promote the foreign policy, security, and general welfare of the United States by assisting people of the world in their efforts toward economic development and internal and external security, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as "The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961".

Sec. 117.2 Environment and Natural Resources.-(a) The Congress finds that if current trends in the degradation of natural resources in developing countries continue, they will severely undermine the best efforts to meet basic human needs, to achieve sustained economic growth, and to prevent international tension and conflict. The Congress also finds that the world faces enormous, urgent, and complex problems, with respect to natural resources, which require new forms of cooperation between the United States and developing countries to prevent such problems from becoming unmanageable. It is, therefore, in the economic and security interests of the United States to provide leadership both in thoroughly reassessing policies relating to natural resources and the environment, and in cooperating extensively with developing countries in order to achieve environmentally sound development.

1 For complete text of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, see Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 1994, vol. I-A.

222 U.S.C. 2151p. Sec. 117 was redesignated from being sec. 118 by sec. 301(1) of Public Law 99-529, resulting in the creation of two sections 117. Sec. 301(2) of Public Law 99-529 (100 Stat. 3014) further deleted subsec. (d) of that section which dealt with tropical forests, and then sec. 301(3) of Public Law 99-529 added a new section 118 entitled "Tropical Forests". This section, as added by sec. 113 of Public Law 95-88 (91 Stat. 537) and amended by sec. 110 of Public Law 95-424 (92 Stat. 948) and sec. 122 of Public Law 96–53 (93 Stat. 948), was further amended and restated by sec. 307 of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113; 95 Stat. 1533). This section previously read as follows:

"Sec. 118. Environment and Natural Resources. (a) The President is authorized to furnish assistance under this part for developing and strengthening the capacity of less developed countries to protect and manage their environment and natural resources. Special efforts shall be made to maintain and where possible restore the land, vegetation, water, wildlife and other resources upon which depend economic growth and human well-being especially that of the poor. "(b) In carrying out programs under this chapter, the President shall take into consideration the environmental consequence of development actions.”.