Miscellaneous offenses.-This provision lists 30 offenses connected with fraud in voting which are punishable by a fine of not more than $5,000, or by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 1 year, or by imprisonment § 29-16). Perjury.—If any person whose vote is challenged or any witness sworn under any of the provisions of the elections act shall knowingly swear falsely, he shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and on conviction thereof, shall be punished ac cordingly (§ 29–18). INDIANA Unless otherwise designated, references are to Stats. Ann., Burns, 1949 Replacement, and 1960 Supplement. Voters' qualifications (Const. of Indiana, Art. 2, § 2; Stats. Ann., § 29-3426) Age. At least 21 years old at next election. A person may register and vote in a primary if he will be 21 by the date of the general election and intends to affiliate with this party (§ 29-3603). Citizenship.-Must be a citizen of the United States. Residence.-6 months in State, 60 days in township, 30 days in ward or precinct immediately preceding election. No student shall acquire residence in State if residence is established solely for attendance at institution (Supp. § 29-4905). Residence not lost by Federal service. Disqualified for voting 1. Oaths shall not be administered to insane persons (Supp. § 49-3517). Insane persons could therefore not be registered to vote. 2. Persons imprisoned for any felony or misdemeanor shall be disfranchised during such imprisonment (§ 29-4804). 3. Persons convicted of felony under Election Act shall be disfranchised for any determinate period (§ 29-5964). 4. Persons convicted of misdemeanor under Election Act shall be disfranchised for a determinate period not over 5 years (§ 29–5965). Registration Registration is permanent (§§ 29-3402, 29-3403, 29-3407), subject to cancellation for failure to vote at last preceding primary or general election (§ 29-3418). Applicant must appear in person. However, absentees may register by mail. For members of Armed Forces, a request for an absentee ballot on the standard authorized form shall serve as registration application (Supp. § 29–3412). Registration application (Supp. § 29-3409) The registration form shall contain the following information: 1. Name. 2. Birthplace and date of birth. 3. If naturalized, proof of citizenship. 4. Address. 5. Oath. The form contains an affidavit in which the applicant swears or affirms that to the best of his knowledge he is a citizen of the United States, will be at least 21 years old on date of next election, has the required term of residence, is legally qualified to vote, and is not already registered. Literacy. Not required. After the affidavit has been properly filled out, the voter shall sign same in the presence of the officer before whom it is executed. If the voter is unable to write his name, he may procure some resident of the county who knows him to sign his name for him and he shall make his mark (Supp. § 29-3412). Cards containing instructions to voters shall be printed in English and in any other language necessary (§ 29-5011). If necessary an interpreter may be called to explain manner of voting to voter (§ 29-5021). There is also a provision for aiding illiterate voters in use of voting machine (Supp. § 29-5109). Record of registration.-All original affidavits or forms of registration shall be kept in the office of the clerk of the circuit court or board of registration (§ 29-3414). Penalty for violations Fraudulent registration.-It is unlawful for any person who will not be a voter at the next election to apply for registration or to procure himself to be registered as a voter. It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly make any false statement in an affidavit of registration. Any person violating any of these provisions shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor (§§ 29-5949, 29-5950). It shall be unlawful for any person to subscribe the name of any other person to an affidavit of registration if he knows that such application contains a false statement. He must also write his own name and address as an attesting witness if he subscribes the name of another who cannot write his own name. Violation of either of these provisions shall be deemed a misdemeanor (§ 295951). Withholding information from poll-taker on demand with regard to qualifications of a voter not entitled to vote shall be a misdemeanor (§ 29-5955). False affidavit.-Whoever shall knowingly or willfully make a false affidavit under any of the provisions of the election act shall be deemed guilty of a felony (§ 29–5958). The punishment for a misdemeanor is a fine of from $1 to $500, imprisonment for from 30 days to 1 year, or both, and disfranchisement for a period not over 5 years (§ 29-5965). The punishment for felony is imprisonment for from 1 to 5 years and disfranchisement for any determinate period, to which may be added a fine of from $50 to $1,000 (§ 29-5964). Illegal voting.-Whoever not being legally qualified to vote votes or offers to vote at any election, or votes or offers to vote in any precinct or ward other than his residence shall be guilty of a misdemeanor (§§ 29-5910, 29-5911). Whoever votes more than once at an election or, being a nonresident, votes or attempts to vote in a ward or precinct not being a bona fide resident thereof shall be guilty of a felony (§§ 29-5912, 29–5913). IOWA Unless otherwise designated, references are to Code, 1949, and 1960 Supplement. Voters' qualifications (Const. of Iowa, Art. 2, § 1) Age.-21 years. Citizenship.--Must be citizen of the United States. Residence.-6 months in State, 60 days in county next preceding the election. Literacy. Not required. If a qualified voter cannot write his name, he shall be required to make a cross which shall be certified by the signing of applicant's name by registration clerk. A qualified voter who cannot sign his name shall not be permitted to mail in removal notices but must appear in person to secure the transfer of his name to his new voting precinct (§ 48.11). Disqualified for voting (Const. of Iowa, Art. 2, § 5) 1. Idiots or insane persons. 2. Persons convicted of any infamous crime. Registration Registration is required in all cities having a population of 10,000 or more. Any city having a population of between 4,000 and 10,000 may, by ordinance, and any township of 1,500 or more may, by proper action, require registration of voters (Supp. § 47.1). Registration is permanent in cities with a population of over 125,000, but is subject to cancellation for failure to vote once in 4 years (§§ 48.1, 48.5, 48.11). Other cities or counties which require registration may adopt permanent registration by ordinance (Supp. § 48.22). Applicant must register in person. However, absent or disabled voters may register by mail (§§ 48.11, 48.12). Affidavit upon absentee ballot shall constitute sufficient registration for absentees and members of the Armed Forces (§ 53.28; Supp. § 53.38). Registration application Oath. An oath is administered by one of the registrars by which applicant swears or affirms that he will fully and truthfully answer all questions which will be put to him touching on his residence, name, place of birth, and his qualification as an elector (§§ 47.19, 48.11). The registrar asks the questions, enters the answers in the registry book and applicant then signs his name in the registry book or cards (§§ 47.18, 47.21, 48.11). 1. Ward and election precinct. 2. Residence. 3. Name. 4. Age-date of birth. 5. Nativity. 6. Color (only where registration is required every 4 years (§§ 47.12, 47.38)). 7. Term of residence in U.S., State, town, county, and precinct. 8. Citizenship; if naturalized, proof of citizenship such as date and court. 9. Last preceding place of residence. 10. Date of application for registration. 11. Signature of applicant. In addition, in places where registration is not permanent the registrar shall ask him the following questions (§ 47.20): 1. Did he come into precinct for sole purpose of voting at this election? 2. How long does he intend to reside in precinct? 3. Such other questions as may tend to test his qualifications as to residence in the precinct, citizenship, and right to vote. Record of registration. Where registration is required every 4 years, the law provides that the city clerk or county auditor shall carefully preserve all registry books and alphabetical lists and other papers pertaining to the registration until destroyed as provided by law (Supp. § 47.42). Where permanent registration is in effect, the law states that the registration list, kept at the office of the Commissioner of Registration, shall be open to public inspection at all reasonable times. The law is silent as to applications of those who are denied registration, since they are not entered into the books or onto the cards (§ 48.5). Penalty for violations Fraudulent registration.—If any person shall willfully make or authorize any false statement required in registration or shall violate any of the registration provisions, he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor (§ 47.43). Any person who causes his name to be registered knowing that he will not be a qualified voter by next election or who shall wrongfully personate any registered voter, and any person aiding another in such an act shall be imprisoned in the penitentiary not less than 1 year for each offense (§ 738.20). Illegal voting Voting more than once, etc.-If any voter unlawfully votes more than once at any election or votes in county of which he is not a resident, he shall be fined not more than $200 or imprisoned in the county jail for not more than 1 year (§§ 738.7, 738.9). Voting when not qualified.-If any voter knowing himself not to be qualified votes at any election, he shall be fined not more than $200 or imprisoned in the county jail not more than 6 months (§ 738.8). Voting when not resident of State.-If any person votes who has not been a resident of the State for 6 months, or who is not 21 years old or is not a citizen of the United States, or is disqualified, he shall be fined not more than $300 or imprisoned in the county jail for not more than 1 year (§ 738.10). Counseling another.-If anyone shall aid or counsel another to vote when he is not qualified, he shall be fined from $50 to $500 and be imprisoned in the county jail for not more than 1 year (§ 738.11). KANSAS Unless otherwise designated, references are to General Statutes, Ann. 1949, and to 1959 Supplement. Voters' qualifications (Const. of Kansas, Art. 5, § 1). Age.-21 years old by election (see also Gen. Stats. Ann., § 12-911). Residence.-6 months in State, 30 days in township or ward next preceding election. Disqualified for voting (Const. of Kansas, Art. 5, § 2; Gen. Stats. Ann. §§ 21809, 21-118, 21-121, 21–122, 21–127) 1. Persons under guardianship, non compos mentis, or insane. 2. Persons who have voluntarily borne arms against the United States or aided in its attempted overthrow, except all persons honorably discharged from military service of the United States since April 1, 1861, who served 1 year or more. 3. Persons convicted of felony unless restored to civil rights. 4. Persons dishonorably discharged from the service of the United States unless reinstated. 5. Persons guilty of defrauding the Federal or any State government. 6. Persons guilty of giving, receiving, or offering bribes. Registration Registration of voters is required in cities of the first and second class (Supp. § 12-904), and in counties of over 90,000 (Supp. §§ 19-3419, 19-3431). Registration is permanent, subject to cancellation for failure to vote at any general election (Supp. §§ 12–904, 19–3431). Applicant must appear in person but persons absent from residence may register by mail (Supp. §§ 12-908, 19-3431). Sick or physically disabled voters. may register by mail but application must be accompanied by a doctor's certificate (Supp. § 25-1234). Registration shall not be required of persons serving in or with the military forces and their dependents (Supp. § 25-1215). Registration application Oath. The city clerk or election commissioner is empowered to administer all necessary oaths to examine the applicant for registration or any witnesses he may offer in his behalf in order to ascertain his right to be registered (§ 12911; Supp. § 19-3431). Form of registration books (§§ 12-907, 19-3434; Supp. § 12-908).-City clerk shall ask questions and enter following items in poll book if he thinks applicant is qualified: 1. Name 2. Age 4. Residence Record of registration.-If the answers of any applicant are not satisfactory to election commissioner (or other registrar) such applicant shall not be registered. Such applicant may appeal to the district court of his county (Supp. § 19-3431). Since answers are oral, there appear to be no records of denied applications which would require preservation. Literacy. There are no provisions concerning literacy requirement for voting. Penalty for violations Fraudulent registration.-If any person shall falsely personate another and procure the person so personated to be registered, or if any person shall represent his name to the city clerk to be different from what it actually is and cause such name to be registered, or if any person shall cause any name to be placed on the registry lists otherwise than in the manner provided by law, he shall be punished by confinement and hard labor in the penitentiary (§ 12–916). Illegal voting Impersonation.-Any person who shall impersonate a voter and vote under his name shall be confined to hard labor for not more than 3 years (§ 25–1725). More than once; not qualified.-Any person who shall vote more than onceat the same election or shall vote knowing that he is not qualfiied shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by fine of not over $300 or by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 1 year (§§ 21-816, 21-817). KENTUCKY Unless otherwise designated, references are to Kentucky Revised Statutes (Baldwin), 1955, and to 1961 Supplement. Voters' qualifications (Const. of Kentucky, § 145; KRS, § 117.605) Age.-18 years (as amended by Laws 1954, ch. 2, and adopted on November 8, 1955), by next regular election. Persons who will have reached age of 18. at next regular election may register and vote in preceding primary (1955 OAG 37,708). Citizenship.-Must be citizen of the United States. Residence-1 year in State, 6 months in county, 60 days in precinct next preceding election. Disqualified for voting (Const. of Kentucky § 145) 1. Persons convicted of treason, of felony, or bribery in an election, or of such high misdemeanor as the general assembly may declare shall exclude him from suffrage rights. Persons hereby excluded may be restored to their civil rights by executive pardon. 2. Persons who at time of election are confined under judgment of court for some penal offense. 3. Idiots and insane persons. Registration Registration is permanent subject to challenge for failure to vote at primary or regular election for 2 consecutive years. Person so challenged will have to appear before board of registration (Supp. § 117.810(2); KRS §§ 117.815, 117,895, 117.760). Applicant for registration must appear in person (§§ 117.620, 117.625, 117.720). A member of the Armed Forces or an employee or wife of an employee of the United States Government stationed abroad may be registered by the county court clerk upon receipt of his application by mail for an absentee ballot (Supp. § 126.170). Registration application (§§ 117.625, 117.630, 117.720) Oath. Applicant shall, in cities of first class (and may be required outside cities of first class), make an oath on the prescribed form that he possesses the legal qualification for registration and shall be required to sign his name. The signature shall be attested by 2 employees of the board of registration of opposite political affiliations. The affidavit above his signature shall contain: 1. Name, address, color, sex, apparent height, and weight. 2. Party affiliation. 3. Occupation, birthplace and mother's name, and any distinguishing marks of identification. 4. Age. 5. Residence term: State, county, precinct. 6. Citizenship; if naturalized, time and place of naturalization. Uiteracy. Not required. If a person applying for registration states under oath that he cannot write his name, the registrar shall sign the registration form for him and applicant shall make his mark which shall be attested as described above (§§ 117.720, 117.635). Record of registration.—The county clerk shall permit any citizen, at all reasonable hours to inspect or make copies of any registration book, without any fee (§§ 117.660, 117.750). Since answers of applicant are oral and are only marked on cards by registrars, there are no records of applications wherein applicants have been denied the right to register (§ 117.635). Penalty for violations Illegal voting 1. Any person who falsely personates a registered voter and receives and casts a ballot by means of such personation shall be imprisoned in the penitentiary for not less than 1 year nor more than 2 years, and shall forfeit his right to vote forever after. An attempt at such personation shall be punished by a fine of not more than $200, and imprisonment in the county jail for no more than 6 months. 2. Any person who by other means votes in the State when he is a resident of another State, or knowingly votes in a precinct other than the one in which he resides, or votes more than once at an election, or votes by use of naturalization papers of another person, or lends his naturalization papers to another person for the purpose of voting shall be imprisoned in the penitentiary for from 1 to 5 years. 3. Any resident who, by other means than impersonating registered voter. votes at a regular or special election before he has attained his required residence, or before he has attained full age, or before he has become a citizen shall be fined from $50 to $100, or imprisoned in the county jail for from 10 to 90 days or both. 4. Any person who, by other means than impersonating registered voter, votes in a primary knowing that he is not qualified shall be fined $100 for each offense. 5. Any person who applies for or receives a ballot at any voting place other than the one at which he is entitled to vote, under circumstances not constituting a violation of any of the above provisions, shall be fined from $20 to $500, or imprisoned in the county jail for from 10 days to 6 months or both (§ 124.150). Fraudulent registration.-Outside of cities of the first class, any person who knowingly causes himself to be registered in more than one precinct or in a precinct other than the one in which he is a legal voter, or who registers under |