The Chemistry of ExplosivesRoyal Society of Chemistry, 2011 - 193 pagini The third edition of this popular book has been fully revised and updated and outlines the basic principles needed to understand the mechanism of explosions by chemical explosives. The history, theory and chemical types of explosives are introduced, providing the reader with information on the physical parameters of primary and secondary explosives. Thermodynamics, enthalpy, free energy and gas equations are covered together with examples of calculations, leading to the power and temperature of explosions. The new generation of explosive compositions called Insensitive High Explosives (IHE) have been introduced in this third edition with details of their properties. The effect explosives have on the environment has also been introduced together with relevant legislations. The new edition contains information on polyphosphazenes, high nitrogen molecules and details on new explosives such as LLM-105, CL-20, FOX-7, FOX-12, and DADNE. More detailed information is also provided on safety and the EMTAP tests. The book will aid the understanding of the theory of hot spots and its relationship to detonation and provides details on the manufacturing process for explosive molecules containing nitro, nitrate esters and nitramines. This concise, readable book is ideal for 'A' level students and new graduates with no previous knowledge of explosive compositions. With detailed information on a vast range of explosives in tabular form and an extensive bibliography, this book will also be useful to anyone needing succinct information on the subject, such as the more experienced chemist in the explosives industry. |
Cuprins
Gasgenerating Propellants | 170 |
Nitrocellulose | 10 |
Rocket Propellants | 17 |
Classification of Explosive Materials | 27 |
Primary Explosives | 34 |
Other Compounds used in Explosive | 58 |
Chapter 3 | 60 |
Mechanisms for the Formation of Hotspots | 76 |
Initiation Techniques | 82 |
Modified KistiakowskyWilson Rules | 90 |
Chapter 5 | 92 |
Volume of Gaseous Products of Explosion | 100 |
Mixed Explosive Compositions | 106 |
Chapter 6 | 116 |
Kinetics of Explosive Reactions | 124 |
Compositions | 77 |
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Termeni și expresii frecvente
Advanced Chemistry Development aluminium ammonium nitrate atoms blackpowder Calculated using Advanced carbon dioxide carbon monoxide Characteristics Colour Molecular Chemistry Development ACD/Labs cmÀ3 Colour Molecular weight combustion contain crystalline solid decomposition products deflagrating explosive deflagration Density at 20 detonating explosives dm³ DNAN dynamite Enthalpy of formation/kJ exothermic explosive composition explosive crystals Explosive material explosive substances friction gaseous products gases gun propellants heat of explosion HMX HMX HMX hotspots hydrogen ignition temperature increase initiation insensitive Kistiakowsky-Wilson rules kJ mol-1 lead azide Lead styphnate manufacturing mercury fulminate mixture Molecular weight Melting molecules nitric nitrocellulose nitrogen nitroglycerine Nitroguanidine oxidized oxygen balance PBXs PETN picric acid polymer potassium presented in Table pressure Primary explosives pyrotechnic compositions secondary explosives shockwave shown in Equation shown in Figure shown in Reaction TATB temperature of explosion Tetrazene Tetryl TNAZ velocity of detonation volume at 20 wave front ΔΗ